Daily Current Affairs May 2015

Daily Current Affairs GK Update – 18 May 2015

 

Draupadi Murmu becomes first woman Governor of Jharkhand [ALL]:

  • She has succeeded Syed Ahmed who was recently transferred as Governor of Manipur.

 

Aruna Shanbaug, face of mercy killing in India, died [ALL]:

  • Aruna Shanbaug, a nurse who was in a vegetative state for 42 years after being sexually assaulted passed away today after suffering from pneumonia for 2 weeks.
  • In 1973, she was brutally assaulted by a sweeper at KEM hospital which had cut off oxygen supply to her brain. Since then she was in vegetative state (coma)
  • The Famous guidelines on Passive Euthanasia set by Supreme Court of India were given in Aruna Shanbaug’s case for Mercy Killing..
  • In 2011, the Supreme Court (SC) had rejected a plea for her mercy killing (euthanasia) filed by former journalist and author Pinki Virani. However, based upon this case SC had framed the guidelines for passive euthanasia instead of active euthanasia.
  • Pinki Virani had also authored non-fiction book called ‘Aruna’s Story’ in 1998 based upon her life.
  • Important  Facts:
    Active euthanasia: It is a type of death where medical professionals or another person deliberately do something that causes instant death of patient. It is illegal in India.
    Passive euthanasia: It is a type of death the common treatments such as antibiotics or life support of patient are withhold which slowly leads to death. Supreme court made it legal under certain conditions in India in 2011 in Aruna Shanbaug case.
  • [Below content is Important for UPSC Civil Services]
  • According to Passive Euthanasia guidelines of SC, the matter must be referred to the high court for a decision and that the doctor, or the parents or spouse of the patient must be the ones to petition for the withdrawal of life-support.
  • In the absence of any of these, a person or a body of persons acting as ‘next friend’ can be permitted.
  • After that, the following process will be followed:
  • 1. A special two-judge bench will be formed in every high court to decide on the  applications seeking permission for euthanasia.
  • 2. A committee of three reputed doctors from a panel constituted by the high court in consultation with the state government will examine the patient and submit its report to the bench of High Court.
  • 3. Notices will be issued to all those concerned persons with the doctor’s report attached.
  • 4. After hearing everyone, the bench will give its verdict.
  • 5. The matter must be dealt with speedily as delays prolong the agony of the patient.
  • There is no law passed by the Parliament of India on Passive Euthansia. Until such a law is passes, the above process as suggested by Supreme Court will be followed.
  • It should be noted that Netherlands was the first nation to legalise Euthanasia.

 

India and South Korea signed 7 bilateral agreements to enhance relations [ALL]

  • These agreements were signed during PM Narendra Modi’s last leg of three nation tour viz China, Mongolia and South Korea. Signed agreements are
    • Agreement for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income.
    • Cooperation in Audio-Visual Co-Production- To boost opportunities for collaboration between both countries in film industries sector and facilitate collaboration, exchange and co-production of films, animation and broadcasting programmes.
    • MoU for Cooperation between the India’s National Security Council and Korea’s Office of National Security.
    • MoU for cooperation in the field of Electric Power Development and New Energy Industries.
    • MoU on Cooperation in Youth Matters.
    • Framework of Cooperation in the Field of Road Transport and Highways.
    • MOU in the Fields of Maritime Transport and Logistics.

India and Mongolia decides to elevate ties to strategic partnership [ALL]

  • India also announced a 1 billion USD Line of credit to support expansion of Mongolia’s economic capacity and infrastructure.
  • India and Mongolia signed 13 agreements to further strengthen bilateral ties:
    • Revised Air Services Agreement- 
    • Treaty on the Transfer of Sentenced Persons Indian prisoners convicted in Mongolia will be transferred to India to serve the remaining part of their sentence. Similarly Mongolian citizens convicted in India can be sent to their home country to serve their sentence.
    • Agreement on Cooperation in the Field of Animal Health and Dairy- It envisages joint cooperation activities in the areas of dairy, modern technical application, quality control and animal disease control measures, marketing in dairy etc.
    • MoU on Cooperation in the Field of Traditional Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy.
    • MoU on Establishment of Cyber Security Training Centre in the Ministry of Defence of Mongolia.
    • MoU on Establishment of India-Mongolia Joint Friendship School in Mongolia.
    • Programme on Cooperation in the field of culture for the Years 2015-2018.
    • MoU for Cooperation between the India’s National Security Council and the National Security Council of Mongolia.
    • MoU on Cooperation between the Union Ministry of External Affairs and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia.
    • MoU on Renewable Energy.
    • MoU on enhancing cooperation between the border guarding forces.
    • Extra Facts :  
    • Prime Minister: Chimediin Saikhanbileg.
    • Capital:Ulaan Baatar.
    • Mongolia is the 2nd Largest Landlocked country in the world after Kazhakstan.
    • Prime Minister Narendra Modi is first Indian PM to Mongolia.
    • Ndaam Festival, an Annual sporting Festival of Mongolia was in news as PM Modi participated in it.
    • Mongolian PM gifted PM Modi a Horse named Kanthak in the Ndaam Festival.
    • Also, President of Mongolia gifted ‘Morin Khuur’ to PM Modi. Morin Khuur is a traditional Mongolian musical instrument also known as ‘Horsehead Fiddle’ and is considered as the symbol of Mongolian Nation.

 

Union Government allocates Rs 5000 cr for development of AYUSH [ALL]

  • AYUSH- Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy.
  • Sripad Naik is the Union Minister of State (MoS) for AYUSH
  • The allocation will help to create awareness about Ayurveda and promote traditional ayurvedic medicines at international level.
  • India and China are two prominent players in the field of traditional medicines at international level. However, Chinese medicines have an easy acceptance across the globe, but the Indian Ayurvedic medicines are yet to gain global acceptance.

 

Pope Francis canonises two Palestinian nuns [NON-UPSC]

  • Pope Francis has canonized Marie Alphonsine Ghattas and Mariam Bawardy from Palestine.
  • The  was held in Vatican’s St Peter’s Square and was Palestinian President attended the canonization ceremony.
  • Both the nuns belonged to 19th Century and lived in Ottoman-ruled Palestine. They are also are the first Arabic-speaking Catholic saints to be Canonized.
  • Extra Facts [ALL]:
  • What is Canonisation? Cannonisation is the act by which the Catholic Church or Eastern Orthodox Church declares a deceased person as a saint. After canonization the person acquires the title of Saint.

 

 4th Rome Masters title of Tennis held: [NON-UPSC]

  • World no 1 Novak Djokovic from Serbia has won his fourth Rome Masters Tennis Men’s single title.
  • Maria Sharapova from Russia won the Rome Masters Tennis Women’s single title.

    Extra Facts About Rome Masters Tennis Title

    • It is also known as Italian Open. It is an annual tennis tournament held in Rome, Italy.
    • Rome Masters is the most prestigious Red clay tennis tournament in the world after the French Open.
    • Rafael Nadal has won the Rome Master’s Men’s single title a record seven times.

 

 India holds Presidency of the 68th World Health Assembly after 19 years [ALL]

  • The 68th World Health Assembly will be held from 18 May 2015 to 27 May 2015.
  • The 68th World Health Assembly will deliberate on key health issues of global interest.
  • The World Health Assembly (WHA) is the world’s highest health policy setting body and is composed of health ministers from member states.
  • The session was presided by the Union Minister of Health & Family Welfare Jagat Prakash Nadda at Geneva.
  • Extra Facts:
  • World Health Organisation (WHO) is a UN Agency.
  • WHO was established on 7th April 1948.
  • 7th April is  marked as World Health day.
  • The head of WHO is Margaret Chan.
  • WHO Headquarter: Geneva, Switzerland.

 

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